Carbon emission trading
Carbon emission trading (also called carbon market, emission trading scheme (ETS) or cap and trade) is a type of emissions trading scheme designed for carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs). A form of carbon pricing, its purpose is to limit climate change by creating a market with limited allowances…
Energy transition
An energy transition (or energy system transformation) is a major structural change to energy supply and consumption in an energy system. Currently, a transition to sustainable energy is underway to limit climate change.
NRG Energy
NRG Energy, Inc. is an American energy company, headquartered in Houston, Texas.
Limitation of the Vend
The Limitation of the Vend was a historic price fixing cartel of coal mine owners of north east England. Its principal customers were ships' captains who purchased cargoes of coal and aimed to resell them in other parts of England; but above all in London which, by becoming the planet's first large mineral-fuelled…
Geothermal energy
Geothermal energy is thermal energy extracted from the Earth's crust. It combines energy from the planet's formation and from radioactive decay.
Constellation Energy
Constellation Energy Corporation is an American energy company headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland. The company provides electric power, natural gas, and energy management services.
Open energy system models
Open energy-system models are energy-system models that are open source. These models can also be known as open energy models or open-source energy-system models or some combination thereof.
Octopus Energy
Octopus Energy Group Limited (formerly Octopus Energy Limited and Octopus Energy Holdings Limited), known as Octopus Energy, is a British company operating in the fields of energy generation and supply. It was founded in 2015 with the backing of Octopus Group, a British asset management company.
Energy in Kazakhstan
Energy in Kazakhstan describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Kazakhstan and the politics of Kazakhstan related to energy. Kazakhstan, which has oil, gas, coal and uranium reserves, is a net energy exporter and a leading energy producer in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).
Great British Energy
Great British Energy (GB Energy, GBE) is a publicly owned energy investment company in the United Kingdom. It was established by the Great British Energy Act 2025, which received royal assent on 15 May 2025, and is sponsored by the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero.