Russia's energy policy is presented in the government's Energy Strategy document, first approved in 2000, which sets out the government's policy to 2020 (later extended to 2030). The Energy Strategy outlines several key priorities: increased energy efficiency, reducing the impact on the environment, sustainable…

The American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 (ACES) was an energy bill in the 111th United States Congress (H.R. 2454) that would have established a variant of an emissions trading plan similar to the European Union Emission Trading Scheme. The bill was approved by the House of Representatives on June 26, 2009,…

The NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return was a proposed Flagship-class Mars sample return (MSR) mission to collect Martian rock and soil samples in 43 small, cylindrical, pencil-sized, titanium tubes and return them to Earth around 2033. The NASA–ESA plan, approved in September 2022, was to return samples using three missions:…

An electric vehicle battery is a rechargeable battery used to power the electric motors of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) or hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). They are typically lithium-ion batteries that are designed for high power-to-weight ratio and energy density.

First Solar, Inc. is an American publicly traded manufacturer of solar panels.

Solar power includes solar farms as well as local distributed generation, mostly on rooftops and increasingly from community solar arrays. In 2025, utility-scale solar power generated 295.7 terawatt-hours (TWh) in the United States.

Canadian Solar Inc. (NASDAQ: CSIQ) is a global renewable energy company.

Solar power is a major contributor to electricity supply in Australia. As of December 2025, Australia's over 4.29 million solar PV installations had a combined capacity of 45.1 GW photovoltaic (PV) solar power.

Solar power is an important source of electricity in India. Since the mid-2010s, India has increased its solar power significantly with the help of various government initiatives.

Solar water heating (SWH) is heating water by sunlight, using a solar thermal collector. A variety of configurations are available at varying cost to provide solutions in different climates and latitudes.